Good question. Our primary leverage is volume and industry experience. When we purchase material at large scale we benefit from economies of scale in manufacturing and quality control. Combined with best practices and well developed processes we are able to price competitively while spending more on quality control.

Our prices are derived from operational costs plus a minimum margin that allows us to reinvest in the development of new products. We believe in sustainable business practices, so that we can focus on your needs, your satisfaction and the development of products that create the most value for clients.

We verify every batch of every product with the help of accredited independent third party laboratories. The equipment and methods required for each product vary widely. For this reason we work with several speciality labs and PhDs in analytical and organic chemistry to design our analytical methods

Analytical techniques we use include NMR, FTIR, HPLC, LC-MS, GC-MS, TLC, ICP-MS, Gravimetry, UV-Vis, Titration, Melting Point, Organoleptics. You can read more about our QC process on our Quality Control page.

A certificate of analysis, like any other certificate, is as valuable as the issuer and the trust you place in the issuer. A COA from a company that you do not have a relationship with and which does not have a track record of ethical behavior is unreliable. In the absence of trust you can rely on raw analytical data and for that reason we generally try to provide this raw data or use well known contract labs for our third party analysis.

In the absence of trust and data you should not trust a certificate of analysis. A reputable company or lab should be able to provide raw analytical data. This comes up frequently in wholesale trade where a middle-man trading company provides a COA they made themselves in a PDF editor. Since the certificate is counterfeit they cannot provide raw data. They cannot tie it to a reputable third party lab. They cannot answer technical questions. If pressed they may deepen the lie and steal a spectra or chromatogram from the internet and present it as their own. How do you know the spectra or chromatogram is not real? It is usually obvious, look at the dates, the file names involved, the sample name, run a google image search, or ask someone with the expertise to read analytical data.

Keywords: Why are Chinese COAs useless?

Third party testing helps assure you are getting exactly what you paid for. A vendor can tell you whatever they want but if an independent third party registered lab is certifying it, what they say will carry more weight.

Let’s go into detail about what that means. A third party lab is a lab that is not run by the vendor or the manufacturer (first and second parties). The third party lab should also be independent, meaning they are not controlled by the other parties and have no conflict of interest about the results of analysis.

It’s important the lab is reputable. If the lab doesn’t know what they’re doing or cuts corners it means their analysis might not be valid. There is a lot of fraud in the analytical chemistry industry, and it’s important to work with companies that value integrity and ethics. We’ve seen unethical labs ask their clients what they want the results to say, before they even get a sample in.

We work hard to assure our contract labs are both ethical and use well validated analytical methods.

Generally our single molecule product purity standard is ≥98% by HPLC and many times our products test ≥99%. Some products are standardized to a specific purity, such as Alpha GPC 50% or botanical extracts that have a more nuanced definition and involve multiple active components.

Yes, we verify every batch of every product. You can view independent third party lab analysis and download copies of reports on every product listing under the tab titled “Third Party Analysis”:
Video Walkthrough

Regardless of what vendor you use, you should always request evidence of independent testing. Anything coming from a manufacturer or Chinese trading company is a no-go. Look for accredited domestic laboratories that have tied their name to the lab report and who would be liable if the report was false.

Keywords: 3rd party test, third party test, do you do 3rd party testing, where can I get copies of 3rd party lab results

There may not be a noticeable difference between ≥99% and ≥95% pure products. However, the problem is that you don’t know what’s in the impurity. It is usually residual reagents, byproducts or side products. In some cases these impurities can be toxic. And to a degree, impurities cannot be fully eliminated. It is difficult to characterize every byproduct and side product of synthesis and some impurities are just too small to measure. But impurities can be minimized. For that reason the standard chromatographic purity in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries is ≥99%. Whenever possible we carry ≥99% products. If this is not possible at production scale we carry the next best option (e.g. ≥98%, ≥95%) and make this publicly known on our COAs. Where appropriate we test for specific toxic residuals, byproducts and heavy metals.

Peptide products are an exception in that the only residual will be amino acids that did not form the correct chain to form the peptide.

Scenario: You purchase a peptide with an advertised content of 5mg at ≥98% purity but it weighs 6.25mg. What’s going on, why does your peptide weigh so much?

This is a great question and goes to the heart of why there is so much confusion and false advertising in the peptide industry. To begin, please review the following peptide content diagram:

There are 4 major components to a Gross Peptide. The active peptide chain, off target peptide fragments, water, and the counterion that forms the salt. Let’s dig into each one:

• Active Peptide Chain – this is the active ingredient you are interested in. Presumably if you purchased 5mg you expected to have a net active peptide mass of 5mg. Unscrupulous vendors will sell you a gross peptide weighing 5mg, including water, salt and impurities. This can mean you get 80% to 30% of the net active peptide mass you expected.
• Off Target Peptide Fragments – these are amino acids and peptide chains that failed to form the correct active peptide chain. It is impossible to fully eliminate off target peptide chains but they can be reduced to a high degree. We use the highest industry research standard of ≤2%.
• Water (Moisture) – amino acids absorb moisture from the air so it is difficult to fully eliminate moisture from peptides. We limit moisture content to ≤5% w/w which is the highest industry standard.
• Counterion (Salt) – the counterion of a peptide is an important excipient molecule selected to improve the active peptide’s stability and solubility, together with the active peptide it forms an ionic bond and salt molecule. The most popular counterion is TFA because of its economy and excellent stability and solubility properties. However it is mildly toxic so we generally replace it in favor of Acetate or Hydrochloride. The amount of counterion varies with the ionic properties of the active peptide chain.

What is Peptide Purity?

If a large portion of peptide is water and counterion, how can anyone claim peptides to be ≥98% pure? In the peptide industry the purity level refers to the measurement of amino acids that made it into the proper chain to form the peptide. The leftover 2% are amino acids that for whatever reason didn’t make it into the proper sequence are the off target peptide fragments. So you can think of peptide purity as equal to

Quantitative (purity) analysis reflects mass purity, that is the proportion of mass of a sample that is the analyte, however this is difficult to measure directly. For that reason proxies like chromatographic purity are used. If you see a purity report on our products it is most likely an HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) report. HPLC is the most popular quantitative technique and it is an industry standard for quantitative analysis.

Chromatographic purity is nuanced and depends on the extinction coefficients of analytes, impurities and wavelength of light used. So it is not equivalent to mass purity. However, with a good reference standard, good methods and a relatively pure sample, chromatographic purity is a reliable approximation for mass purity and hence is used for most purposes.

An HPLC report is not a single precise measurement of chromatographic purity, because for many reasons the measurements will vary between injection runs. Instead reports are usually the mean of several (≥3) injection runs with an acceptable measurement error and variance. The more runs, the more accuracy, and the more expense. Our labs ensure measurement error is less than ±2% and confidence is greater than ≥95%. But there is still error and that’s why it’s possible for a ≥98% pure sample to report as ≥100% pure.

For a more thorough explanation of potential sources of error please see the following StackExchange thread:
https://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/68041/hplc-lab-report-why-is-weight-purity-sometimes-over-100

The answer is yes.. and no. Where possible we provide easy to verify spectra e.g. NMR, FTIR. Where this is not possible because the third party lab considers the data proprietary we do not.

As you know, we publicly post lab reports, certificates of analysis, from independent third party laboratories, the same reports which we use to approve and validate our materials and production processes. These reports are publicly available to you, dear reader.

However a certificate of analysis is not raw analytical data. And a certificate may not be worth much if it’s not tied to any certified, trusted body. To use a metaphor: an SSL browser certificate is required for your browser to trust HTTPS protocol pages. An SSL certificate from you or me with no reputation for browser security isn’t going to be as trustworthy as an SSL from Verisign which has a long standing reputation for protecting its encrypted keys. That is such a consensus belief that your browser will just ignore SSL certificates from unknown entities and label the webpage as untrustworthy.

Our certificates of analysis, our lab reports, are from trusted third party independent, registered laboratories. They are accredited for or compliant with relevant ISO standards. They are not something a fly-by-night trading company made at a moment’s notice. They are tied to unique lab IDs from an entity you can contact to verify, who is based in the United States and whose business depends on the validity of their statements, just like Verisign. Additionally, they include unique product batch and lot IDs that are printed on each product we carry – so you can look up the corresponding lab report for each product. All of this is tracked throughout our production process in a chain of custody with batch data going back years.

But, you ask, why don’t you include the raw analytical data, analytical methods, spectra and chromatograms in your lab reports? Well, you probably already know this. Analytical chemistry is a big business. Accredited, validated methods can cost upwards of $20,000 to produce. Most analytical labs are adapting methods from the scientific literature, which is a fast way to develop something that works. Exactly what methods they use are proprietary, they don’t want a competitor to know how they verified a specific material. So they are unlikely to share this, or at least all of it.

But, you ask, the lab could share the spectra and chromatograms? Yes and typically we do request FTIR, LC-MS, and NMR spectra. In the case of HPLC chromatograms, they will be meaningless without additional information, such as the equipment used, blank runs for comparison, and analytical methods. In the past we have paid an additional fee to have HPLC chromatograms included in lab reports. But inevitably the lab will censor or omit details to protect itself. If you feel very strongly about this you can contact us and we can request chromatograms for specific reports at our expense.

But, you ask, aren’t you just trusting the lab, why should I trust your analytical lab? Yes that’s true. We trust, but verify. Besides doing due diligence on potential analytical partners, we interview their staff and cross-examine the lab reports they send us. In some cases, the reports are easy to verify, such as an NMR or FTIR spectra. With HPLC chromatograms that is not the case. We can send samples to other laboratories and confirm the result. And that is what we’ve done numerous times for each of our partner analytical labs. We have sent samples to trusted secondary labs to confirm their results and if there is a discrepancy then we know something untoward was happening and we won’t use that lab anymore. That is broadly our process for validating analytical partners.

All publicly posted lab reports on our product listings come from these trusted laboratories that we have consistently cross-examined and verified successfully. So, beyond their long standing reputation, this is why we trust the results we receive from partner laboratories. I hope that lends some insight into our analytical process and why chromatograms are not generally included in our lab reports. The data is not useful without additional information which, as a standard of industry, is unlikely to be divulged.

Our peptides are in lyophilized powder form. In any other form the integrity of the peptide would degrade rapidly and wouldn’t be any good by the time it reached you. Our peptides are best stored in temperatures below -20°C. Refrigeration at 4°C is sufficient for most purposes if the peptide is to be used within 2 years. Our peptides are durable enough for room temperature exposure for 4-6 weeks with minimal degradation, if kept out of direct sunlight, which is sufficient for international transit.

Our peptides are contained in glass crimp top vials with flip off caps but we are able to deliver in any container that you wish. Simply place a custom order and we will make it for you.

The dark gray colored tops pictured on the site are simply for illustration. Each peptide we sell may have a varying colored top to help our staff distinguish between them.

we decide to carry a product we use our contacts and industry resources to search for suppliers. Once we compile a list we begin the vetting process. From the most reputable we request samples. If the samples pass verification we request additional samples. If the samples are consistent we make a larger order.

Once we receive a raw material we quarantine it and evaluate it organoleptically. If it appears free of adulteration and contamination we send a sample to an accredited independent third party lab for analysis. Our analytical methods are derived from the scientific literature where possible or else developed by PhDs in analytical and organic chemistry. If the lab reports match our specifications we OK the product for production.

If any of that process fails we start all over.

Our raw materials are synthesized by large scale manufacturers and contract research organizations (CROs). Our manufacturers are primarily based in China. Some are based in Europe and America. This is for economic reasons, it is simply less expensive.

There is justifiable concern about non-Western manufacturers whose regulations are less strict, if not completely unenforced. The modern chemical manufacturing industry is dominated by China. It is highly likely any industrial, nutraceutical or pharmaceutical product you are working with was processed in China.

This is not a concern however as long as your vendor is conducting third party analysis. You should always demand evidence of third party analysis for your research supplies.

Our non-API materials are sourced domestically, including solvents, packaging and containers.

Our products are made in an ISO:9001 compliant facility. While we’d like to provide more detail on our exact production, manufacturing processes and what equipment we use this is generally proprietary information we cannot share. We do discuss our QC processes publicly however and you can read more about them on our Quality Control page.

With the exception of standalone sterile pipettes our products are not sterile and we cannot make guarantees of sterility. That said we do make efforts to minimize the possibility of microbial contamination through the use of PCO air filtration and micropore filters in our liquid filling machines.

We encourage independent testing of our products. If you wish to verify our products with an independent third party laboratory we are happy to replace any products used in the testing. Simply furnish us with a copy of the results of the test and give us the order number that it was purchased on and we will replace the tested products for free. We are very confident in the products that we sell and an excellent way of showing this is through independent blind tests done by our customers.

Yes we do. All product listing include a bulk pricing table. If you need additional price breaks or unlisted products please contact us and we’ll see what we can do for you.

Our company was started by former employees and partners of the IRC.Bio team. We’re proud of what we accomplished previously and have our sights set on doing more for the scientific community. We use the same suppliers and processes for sourcing, manufacturing and quality control as IRC.Bio. We’re looking forward to working for you and helping you achieve your research goals.

Let’s back up. Hemp, the plant, has several components with therapeutic value. The most famous are cannabinoids (specifically CBD and THC) and terpenes. There are also cannaflavins, flavonoids, aldehydes and more.

• Botany’s IsoEx oil is pure CBD infused in MCT oil. This is chemically isolated CBD which has been refined to be ≥99% pure, there are no other active components. It is THC free.
• Botany’s DistEx oil is a distilled extract of hemp containing only cannabinoids, including many minor cannabinoids like CBDV, CBG, CBC, CBN, THCV and more, infused in MCT oil.
  • Botany has two variants of DistEx oil. DistEx Full Spectrum and DistEx Broad Spectrum.
  • DistEx (Full Spectrum) contains a full spectrum of cannabinoids including natural trace amounts of THC, under the legal limit.
  • DistEx (Broad Spectrum) is similar except it has had all the THC removed and is THC free.
• Botany’s NonEx oil is a non-distilled extract of hemp containing all of the components previously mentioned (cannabinoids, terpenes, cannaflavins, flavonoids…) infused in MCT oil.

The latter extracts may have higher therapeutic value due to the “entourage effect”. To further confuse things many companies add artificial terpenes to their CBD products to make them more similar to a non-distilled extract. Botany does not do this.

Botany offers these different types of CBD extracts in several concentrations for convenience. The higher concentrations tend to be more popular. However because NonEx (non-distilled extract) is less refined it cannot be infused into MCT oil in as high concentrations as IsoEx and DistEx.

How much CBD is in each product?

All of Botany’s CBD oil products (IsoEx, DistEx, NonEx) are standardized and sold by their CBD content. Botany does not standardize the content of minor cannabinoids, terpenes and other components. So each of the following products contains 1000mg (1g) of CBD:

• CBD IsoEx Oil – 1000mg
• CBD DistEx Oil – 1000mg
• CBD NonEx Oil – 1000mg

Note, each product may contain varying amounts of other components e.g. CBDV, CBG, CBN, terpenes. You can look up specifically how much of each measured component is in your product by looking up the lab testing for the lot number on your bottle on the product listing.

Does that clear things up?

Our products are manufactured and sold to be used in an academic laboratory research setting. Nothing we sell is intended for nor is it manufactured for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes in humans. We reserve the right to require additional verification of proper intent prior to fulfilling orders. Any orders that we feel aren’t for the specific intended purpose laid out in our Terms and Conditions will be denied. Truthfully, if you are asking this question then you shouldn’t be ordering from us.

Keywords: How to use? How to take? Dosage?

Our products are not approved for medical use or for the treatment, prevention, diagnosis, or cure of any disease or illness. In addition to being unsuited and unsafe for human consumption, they are not approved for sale to, or possession by, anyone other than someone qualified to handle them in a laboratory setting. We encourage our clients to seek qualified legal counsel in reviewing their potential use of our products, but we cannot provide such counsel ourselves.

Keywords: How to use? How to take? Dosage?

Our products are not approved for medical use or for the treatment, prevention, diagnosis, or cure of any disease or illness. In addition to being unsuited and unsafe for human consumption, they are not approved for sale to, or possession by, anyone other than someone qualified to handle them in a laboratory setting. We encourage our clients to seek qualified legal counsel in reviewing their potential use of our products, but we cannot provide such counsel ourselves.

Keywords: How to use? How to take? Dosage?

We try to keep up with local, national and global restrictions but we are not a source for legal information. This is your responsibility and we recommend you seek qualified legal counsel. However for regulatory compliance reasons we do keep track of US State restrictions and we will not allow certain products to be shipped to certain states. In that case, if your product is restricted, you will receive an error dialogue on the checkout page after you have entered your address details. This is the fastest way to find out if a product is restricted in your jurisdiction.

Keywords: Do you ship to

That depends on your intended use of our products. Our products are not approved for medical use or for the treatment, prevention, diagnosis, or cure of any disease or illness. In addition to being unsuited and unsafe for human consumption, they are not approved for sale to, or possession by, anyone other than someone qualified to handle them in a laboratory setting. We encourage our clients to seek qualified legal counsel in reviewing their potential use of our products, but we cannot provide such counsel ourselves.

We do not carry any solvents for reconstitution of peptides and we have no intention of carrying them in the future.

Proper measurement is important. Some of our products can be dangerous or toxic when mishandled. We also recommend you measure your product on receipt to confirm total weight or volume.

How to measure powder products?
Scoops measure volume and scales measure mass. We strongly recommend you do not to use a “microscoop” as the density of powder can vary.

We recommend using a precise milligram scale. Milligram scales with a precision of ±3mg are available on Amazon.com for <$20. Please read the following article to learn more about scales and precision:
http://www.concretecountertopinstitute.com/blog/2015/05/precision-measuring-concrete-countertop-mixes/

Once you have confirmed the total powder weight you can create a solution for more accurate volumetric measurement. See the question below on how to make a chemical solution.

Why powder products are preferred?
Powder products are preferred because they are less expensive and because they are a pure material. But they require more effort to accurately measure.

How to measure liquid solution products?
Liquid solutions are measured by volume. Volume can be measured by a graduated beaker, graduated pipette, etc. All of our liqui products come with a graduated pipette for measurement. If you need an additional pipette you can find them on our Lab Supplies Catalog.

Why liquid solution products are preferred?
Liquid solution products are preferred because they are more convenient to measure and do not require additional preparation.

Keywords: Dosage, directions, serving, how to use?

Please review the following guide on how to prepare a chemical solution:
https://www.sciencecompany.com/Preparing-Chemical-Solutions.aspx

Glossary, basic terms to understand

Selecting an adequate solvent

If you do not select an adequate solvent your solute will precipitate out of solution or lack uniformity, making handling difficult.

We post solvents with relatively high solubility on our product listings, under the specification on the row titled Solubility:
Video Walkthrough

However we have only verified solubility up to the concentrations used in our own solution products. If you need more precise data we recommend conducting your own solubility experiments at given concentrations with different solvents.

Selecting your concentration

Solutions are easier to make and handle at lower concentrations. If you saturate a solution the solute may precipitate out of solution thus ruining the uniformity. Changing the pH or temperature of your solution can also result in precipitation.

Solution Example: Using mass by volume (m/v)

Formula
The formula for mass by volume (m/v) is: [Mass of solute (mg) / Volume of solution (ml)]

We do not provide scoops or scales to measure powder. We recommend using a milligram scale to measure powder as a volumetric scoops will be inaccurate. You can purchase a milligram scale on Amazon for ~$20.

All solution and solvent products come with a graduated pipette measuring up to 1.0mL.

You may be confusing your units. Most of our powder products are sold in increments of 1000 milligrams (mg), that is 1 gram (g). There are 70,000 grams in the average size person. So a single gram, even with the vast range of powder densities, will be a small amount. Less than a tablespoon.

If you do not have experience working with milligram quantities of research material we would advise against purchasing powder products.

Changes in color, texture, odor, taste and even biochemical and pharmacokinetic properties can be explained by differences in polymorphy i.e. the crystal structure of a substance. For example, sand and glass are made of the same molecule (SiO₂), but have very different properties.

Several factors influence polymorphy, including the rate of change of temperature, pressure and reactants during synthesis. The study of polymorphy is a critical discipline in its own right, integral to the application of chemistry, including materials science and medicine.

So, if you notice a slight difference between batches of products, polymorphy is most likely the reason.

Besides the additional labor, materials and packaging, solutions also require additional quality control procedures. For comparison, to analyze a powder product, you only need a single sample sent out for analysis, even if the batch is 10kg+, provided the batch is uniform and the sample is representative of the whole.

To verify a solution product you must measure both the concentration and the uniformity. This can be done by sampling the mixing vessel before bottling or by sampling individual bottles. We do the former, though in the past we did the latter. Both are acceptable according to cGMP, however we prefer the former because of the greater certainty it gives us about what goes into each individual bottle.

When sampling a mixing vessel you must take samples at different locations in the vessel and then each must be within the acceptable error bound (±10%) of your expected average concentration. When sampling bottled products you must sample a sufficient number of them that you have statistical confidence in the sample mean – this usually means about 3 samples per 1000 bottles. The latter is more expensive and less certain.

In addition to verifying concentration and uniformity, we also audit our finished inventory and send randomly selected finished products out for analysis.

Peptides due to their nature come in a variety of sizes and shapes. Normally after the lyophilization process has completed we have a peptide that is in a perfect cake. However there are times when it may break in transit or simply appear differently. This is no way effects the quality or potency of the product. It is simply an aesthetic issue. While we do try to always present a product that looks perfect, on occasion this isn’t possible. Some proteins are very large in size and due to the requirement of a buffer will appear larger in size than others. This is normal.

Unless stated otherwise we recommend a shelf life of 3 years from the date of manufacture with proper storage and handling. This is a heuristic based on accelerated aging studies we have conducted on most of our catalog.

For a more detailed answer, let’s take altitude. Due to the second law of thermodynamics entropy is always increasing. As a result the active chemical molecules of a product are always degrading, albeit slowly. Eventually there will be a detectable decrease in potency. This can take several years with proper handling and storage.

Unfortunately we can’t provide a more precise answer. True shelf life is variable and in most cases little data is available for novel compounds. Shelf life decreases with exposure to heat, moisture, oxygen and sunlight, which can create free radicals and break chemical bonds. Shelf life can be extended by deep freeze (-20°C or -80°C). A powder ingredient in deep freeze could have a shelf life in excess of 10 years with minimal degradation. It is not recommended to store a liquid, oil or solution product at anything below room temperature because this will alter the solubility properties and may precipitate the mixture, rendering it non-uniform and difficult to measure without resuspension.

We provide proper storage instructions on each product listing and on product labels for each product. Generally, store in a cool, dry place away from heat, moisture and sunlight. Peptides should be refrigerated or frozen.

Yes, all of our products come with a 30 day money-back satisfaction guarantee. If you are at all unsatisfied with your product within 30 days of delivery (receipt of goods) we will issue a refund or provide a remedy.

It’s possible for liquid products exposed to low temperature to freeze. For example, during cold months in high latitudes, water-based products can freeze during transit. Some solvents have high freezing temperatures so they can freeze above water’s freezing temperature. If your product froze and the bottle didn’t crack it’s OK, it just needs to be warmed to room temperature. Some products can precipitate out of solution if exposed to low temperature. If that happens you can run the bottle under warm water and shake vigorously before administration to re-suspend and re-solve.

It’s possible for solution products to crystallize (form flakes), precipitate (fall out of suspension), separate (form layers) or lose homogeneity in a variety of ways. The most common is temporary exposure to low temperature, for example during transit in cold months in high latitudes or accidental refrigeration and freezing. It can also happen if a product is solved in a nonpolar solvent and undisturbed on a shelf or in storage for an extended period of time. If you notice any of these issues you can remedy by running the bottle under warm water (50-70°C) for 5-10 minutes and then shaking vigorously to re-suspend and re-solve. If that doesn’t help please contact us.

Every molecule has its own unique decomposition process. But let’s zoom out for a moment to provide a general understanding. Due to the second law of thermodynamics entropy is always increasing. On a long enough timescale most molecules are thermodynamically unstable. The molecules in our products are always degrading, albeit slowly. Eventually there will be a measurable decrease in potency. This can take several years with proper handling and storage. Changing the temperature of storage will affect the rate of degradation.

Let’s go over common scenarios.

1. If a product is exposed to lower than recommended temperature there will be no increase in rate of degradation, with the exception that a solution product may precipitate and thus lose uniformity.
2. If a product is exposed to higher than recommended temperature the rate of degradation will be accelerated. For illustration let’s say a product requiring room temperature storage is exposed to 115°F, in that case there may be an increase in the rate of decomposition but this may not be measurable without months of continued exposure. Meaning you could leave a product in heat for a few days and if after it is properly stored the shelf life will still be years.
3. If a product requires cold temperature storage, such as a deep freezer at –20°C, then the risk of degradation from high temperature exposure depends on the degree and duration and the presence of oxygen, moisture and sunlight. Oxygen, moisture and sunlight all produce free radicals and break chemical bonds that can accelerate degradation. Even so, less than 24 hours of human-tolerable temperatures will not substantially degrade any of the products we carry.

For trademark reasons we cannot carry products named LGD4033 and LGD3303. We carry chemically identical products LGD4 and LGD3, respectively.

Keywords: LGD-4033, LGD-3303, LGD-3033, LGD4, LGD3, LGD4033, LGD3303, LGD3033, 4033, 3303, 3033

Some of our liquid solution products are solved in solvents that can slowly evaporate through dropper caps e.g. ethanol. To prevent evaporation and improve long term storage we use air-tight polycone caps for these products. For convenience, so you can still measure the solution we include a complimentary 1mL pipette with these non-dropper cap products. Your liquid product should always have either a dropper cap or a 1ml pipette for measurement.

You can determine the date of manufacture of your product by reviewing the batch specific lab report which is dated with the product manufacture date. To find your lab report, head to your product’s listing page on our website and open the “Batch Purity” link under the “Third-Party Analysis” tab. You can then match up the lab report using the “Lot Number” found on your product label. All lab report titles contain a number which will correspond to the lot number on your product label and a date when the lab analysis was conducted. This date can be used as the date of manufacture.

In terms of potency and purity, there is no difference between a powder and a solution. The powder is the purified form of the compound, the solution is this powder dissolved into a solvent. We offer both forms for the buyer’s preference. In terms of stability, a powder is more stable than a solution for a variety of reasons, primarily the increased surface area of each molecule in solutions versus a crystalline solid. So a solution is more susceptible to degradation and will degrade faster than powder if exposed to heat, light, oxygen, moisture, etc. Solutions are generally long term, less stable than a powder however we go to extreme lengths to ensure we produce the most stable solutions possible and we stand by our shelf-life guarantee of 2 years from the date of manufacture if stored properly. In reality under optimal conditions a solution can last much longer than this before it begins to degrade.

Naturally, we at https://sciencebio.io/ might have a bias in answering this question and would hope that any potential client would consider purchasing their reference materials from our store. That said, we understand it would be impossible to satisfy the needs of every researcher, so how do you choose a vendor?

The most important thing to keep in mind is to source from a reputable vendor that is able to provide independent third party lab test results and batch & lot tracking.

What kind of third party results should a vendor have?

At minimum they should verify the purity and identity of each batch of raw material and the concentration of every lot of finished goods. So if they sell a powder they should be able to provide identity and purity test results for each batch of that powder. If they sell solution with a concentration of 10mg/mL they should be able to provide identity and purity testing results and, additionally, concentration results showing the product has the correct concentration of 10mg/mL ±10%. Hence the importance of batch and lot tracking to ensure every batch and lot is tested.

What are some common red flags to look out for?

If a vendor does not provide batch and lot coding on their products. If they don’t have any test results. If they only have certificates of analysis and can’t provide actual chromatograms or spectrographs on request. If the “third party lab” has no contact information, you can’t get ahold of someone, search results are minimal and nobody has heard of this laboratory before. If they have only one lab report for a product they’ve been selling for years, suggesting they don’t routinely test their raw material or production runs. If they have lab reports for purity and identity but not concentration. If their testing is in house. There’s a lot of ways for vendors to get this wrong, there’s only one way to get it right, and it’s not worth taking a risk on a vendor who can’t get this right.

Our products are produced with enhanced stability, ensuring that they remain effective even under typical external conditions encountered during shipping. We’ve rigorously tested the impact of transit time, both with and without ice packs, and have found no significant reduction in potency. Our stress tests confirm that the products maintain their efficacy throughout the journey, so even without an ice pack, you can rest assured that they will arrive in excellent condition.

Our policy regarding batches of product that remain in stock for longer periods of time is to submit samples to third-party laboratories for retesting after a period of 2 years. Tests conducted are intended to demonstrate whether or not the batch has degraded during its time in storage through HPLC purity testing.

For any batches that do appear to have degraded beyond what we consider an acceptable standard, remaining units will be removed from inventory and discarded. For tests that show the batch has not degraded and is an acceptable standard, these will remain in inventory and retest analysis will be added to the original batch lab analysis.

We sell products that are explicitly sold for laboratory research purposes only. As a company we have an obligation to catch and reject any orders that come from individuals who may use our products outside of their intended purpose. If you have been added to the no-sell list then it is because our management has been given reason to believe that you have intentions of using our products improperly. Once a name has been added to this list it is very rare that it will be removed without extensive due diligence by our staff. As a research supply company this is our obligation under existing regulations and we will fulfill it.

Please visit the following page to reset your password:
https://https://sciencebio.io//my-account/lost-password/

If the system doesn’t recognize your login email it’s possible you used another email, incorrectly entered your email or checked out as a guest and never created an account.

Order history is only available for registered users who have created an account. Orders placed as a guest are not visible unless you register an account with the same email address you used for checkout.

To view order history please Login or Register:
https://https://sciencebio.io//my-account/

Then visit the Orders tab on your My Account dashboard:
https://https://sciencebio.io//my-account/orders/

We typically reply to support inquiries within 1-24 hours. During times of high ticket volume our reply time can vary from 1-3 days.

Our approval program is required to access certain products and additional payment methods. Please visit the following page to learn more:
https://https://sciencebio.io//approval-program/

Our affiliate program is for established content sites. If you qualify it can help you monetize your traffic. Please visit the following page to learn more:
https://https://sciencebio.io//affiliate-program/

Yes, please find our Refund, Return & Exchange Policy on the following page:
Refunds, Returns & Exchanges

All orders are held for 1 hour to allow for modification. After this time we cannot guarantee we can intercept an order.

We can make the following modifications to your order:

• Shipping address change
• Shipping service change
• Substitute a product
• Remove a product
• Add a product
• Cancel order

To modify an order please submit the following form:
Modify My Order

If you have yet to submit your order for processing then you can simply edit your order to include the correct shipping address. If your order has been submitted we can only change a shipping address before the order has been processed by our fulfillment team. All orders are held for 1 hour after payment is received to allow for modification. After this time we cannot guarantee we can intercept your order.

Once your order has shipped we have no control over the destination. If you have a forwarding address in place with USPS, USPS will forward your shipment to the new address they have on file for you. USPS also offers a package intercept and redirect service but it is unreliable. If USPS returns the mis-addressed package back to us, we will be glad to reship it to you at the correct shipping address.

We can make the following modifications to your order:

• Shipping address change
• Shipping service change
• Substitute a product
• Remove a product
• Add a product
• Cancel order

To modify an order please submit the following form:
Modify My Order

All orders are held for 1 hour to allow for cancellation. After this time we cannot guarantee we can intercept an order.

If you are a registered user please find your order on the Order History page and then select the Cancel or Request Cancel button. If this is not possible please contact us immediately. We will do our best to accommodate you.

For registered users:

1. Login
2. Select the Orders tab from your Dashboard
3. Find your most recent order
4. Select Cancel or Request Cancel
5. Enter your reason for cancellation
6. Submit

Please contact us immediately. Once your claim is verified we will ship the correct item(s). We will also provide a prepaid return label to return any wrong item(s).

It is possible your email was entered incorrectly. It is also possible your order was not successfully paid. Please contact us immediately.

Please mention you have placed an order recently but have not received an order confirmation email. Please also provide identifying information to look up the order, like your name or address.

We reserve the right to further review random orders as well as any international orders with high dollar amounts. This is to ensure compliance of our Terms of Service as well as protect ourselves and our clients from possible fraud. If you receive a follow up email requiring additional identification and qualification information please respond ASAP to ensure the prompt shipment of your order. If you have any questions regarding this please let us know.

We consider customer satisfaction our top priority and for that reason if you are not satisfied within 30-days of delivery, please contact us and we will help you.

You can place an identical order to one you have already placed and paid for. You may see an error message that will prevent you from doing so initially if the original order has not yet shipped, this is a safety feature to ensure that you are aware you are placing a duplicate order and not doing so by mistake. The error message may direct you to contact our support team, please do so and they will be able to assist you in getting your order placed.

We are required by law to apply sales tax to some orders based on a number of factors, usually the tax policy of the location the order is shipping to. We would recommend reviewing your local state taxation laws to confirm whether or not sales tax may be applied to your order and at what rate.

We support payment with credit card, eCheck, bank transfer (ACH, international wire), cryptocurrency (bitcoin, altcoins), and more.

Keywords: Debit card, can I pay with? How to pay?

We provide payment instructions on the checkout page and via email when you checkout. If you have any additional questions please contact us.

Keywords: Where do I send payment?, Where do I send money?, Where do I remit payment? Debit card, can I pay with?

Unfortunately we are unable to accept payments sent via PayPal. This is not by our choice. As a general policy, PayPal has made a willful choice to not work with the majority of bulk chemical vendors. While some smaller vendors in and out of our industry are able to offer PayPal, it is only because they have not triggered PayPal’s internal audit thresholds. We encourage additional questions or feedback regarding this policy to be directed towards PayPal’s customer support team.

Unfortunately we are unable to accept payments sent via Amazon and Stripe for the same reason we cannot accept payments from PayPal. We encourage additional questions or feedback regarding these policies to be directed towards the respective customer support teams of those companies.

Unfortunately we cannot accept Western Union or MoneyGram.

Unfortunately we do not.

We’re very sorry about this. It pains us the payment process is not simple. Unfortunately the payments industry is an oligopoly of entrenched interests. Our products are considered “high risk” and it is not possible to use a retail payments processor like PayPal, Stripe or Amazon.

Imagine a world where to pay your friend $10, you have to give some middle-man $10, he takes $1 for himself, puts $1 in a box “for safety” and one week later gives us $8. Every now and then the middle man runs off with the money. That is the gist of the high risk payments industry.

The truth is more complex, with more fees, more middle-men and more headache. For this reason and others we encourage you to learn about digital currencies which allow you full control over what you can or can’t do with your money. You can read more about paying with Bitcoin on our Bitcoin beginner’s guide.

Keywords: Debit card, can I pay with? How to pay?

P2P payment networks let almost anyone with a USA debit card send payment easily using an email, phone number or username.

Our checkout prices are denominated in USD ($). Prices may be displayed in your local currency if our multi-currency system is enabled.

Pending (authorization) charges are a way for the processing bank to confirm your account has a positive balance. This is useful in the services industry where tips are processed separately, among other reasons. Pending charges can be for an amount between 20% and 150% the order total, so they may not match the order total. They will disappear in 1-3 business days.

If your card payments are not going through at all but you are seeing these pending charges, it typically means your billing address does not match the one you entered on checkout or your bank is blocking the transaction. Please call your bank to confirm the billing details and make sure they are not blocking the transaction. If it still doesn’t go through please contact us.

When transacting through credit cards there are two types of transactions that occur. One is called an authorization and the other is called a capture. An authorization is the first thing that is done whereby the bank puts the amount of the charge on hold returning a message to the processor that the funds are available.

The next step is called a capture. It is at this step that the bank will verify that the information entered into the checkout form under “Billing Address” is accurate. This means that the street address and zip code match exactly to what the bank has on file for your account. If the billing address is incorrect by even one number then a capture will fail and no signal to remove those funds from your account will be sent. Hence an error on checkout. When incorrect billing information is entered we will have a case where the authorization (do the funds exist) was successful but the capture (did they enter the correct identifying information to show that the transaction isn’t fraudulent) was unsuccessful. This means that when you look at your bank statement or online account you will see what looks like a charge from us. This is not a charge from us as the capture failed. This is simply an authorization which we release immediately.

Each bank has their own policies regarding authorizations though and most banks will not return those funds to your account until 48 business hours have passed. Some unfortunately take a bit longer up to 5 business days. This is the policy of your individual bank and we have no control whatsoever over how long they choose to hold your funds. Because of this it is very important that you triple check your billing information prior to submitting your order.

NB: Please note that if you ask the bank, they cant tell the difference on their end between an authorization and a charge. But in your account the charge will show as pending and then disappear. This is simply how it works.

This will vary depending on payment method chosen. Please email us if you need to verify a transaction.

This usually means the transaction has timed out. This is typically due to not sending funds for the payment, not sending enough funds, or sending the funds after the timeout or without enough TX fee to confirm in time. If you wish to make a purchase, you will have to make the purchase again using our checkout page. Please make sure to read all email alerts from our system as they inform you every step of the transaction. Please review the following article and make sure to include a TX fee that is likely to be confirmed quickly:
How to Select a Bitcoin Transaction Fee

There are however a few exceptions:

1. Double check your transaction numbers and payment addresses, a common error is creating two transactions then paying for one and not the other. Make sure to check the payment ID’s are to the payment addresses you sent to.
2. If you are sending your coins from an exchange they may not have sent the funds yet. So please check with your exchange to see if it was processed; if it was, you can provide us with the blockchain txid and we can look for it, as long as it was sent to our wallets.
3. If you are sending from a wallet that is not synced, you will have to wait for the client to catch up and then send the payment. If it does send, you can provide us with the txid and we can look into it, as long as it is sent to our wallets.

Unconfirmed Transactions
If you don’t know what a Bitcoin “Confirmation” is please see here:
​https://www.buybitcoinworldwide.com/confirmations/
If your coins have not yet confirmed (such as if you didn’t pay any/enough TX fee), you will need to wait for the transaction to confirm or be dropped from the network. This can take several weeks. There are ways to increase the transaction fee so miners accept it:
​https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/49723/replace-by-fee-vs-child-pays-for-parent
It is also possible to pay miners directly to accelerate confirmation:
https://pool.viabtc.com/tools/txaccelerator/
When the transaction confirms you will receive an automatic email confirming we’ve received the funds. If you haven’t received an email 8 hours AFTER your coins confirm, please contact us.

Reclaiming Funds
Our system allows you to reclaim funds in the event that insufficient or excess funds are sent. However, we cannot process a refund until the transaction confirms.

Unfortunately no, once a transaction is processed we can’t change it without incurring additional fees. You can use the code on your next order.

Unfortunately no, once a transaction is processed we can’t change it without incurring additional fees. We apologize for any inconvenience.

At this time we do not have any ongoing discount promotions. However, when you join our newsletter you will be the first to know about new promotions, products and updates. We will also send you a 10% off coupon for your first purchase.
https://sciencebio.io/ Newsletter

MESH is a digital wallet provider available to U.S. based customers with a focus on security. Using MESH, customers can complete payment on our website using a credit card. MESH offers a secure way to pay merchants in person or online, we recommend visiting their website for more information: https://mymesh.money/

We strongly advise against doing this. If there is any problem with your order, if it hasn’t shipped, been received, is damaged, incorrect etc… We will do everything we can to ensure the issue is resolved to your satisfaction. We always guarantee every customer will receive their order or their money back. If in the meantime the credit card company is contacted and becomes involved, this complicates things immeasurably and may prevent us from being able to resolve your issue. As with all problems we highly suggest contacting our team first, if you don’t immediately hear back, please be patient. You will receive a response.

Yes, you can find our shipping and returns policy here:
Shipping & Returns

We ship to most of Latin America, Africa and Asia. We do not ship to Canada, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea or Israel for regulatory compliance reasons. In addition to these restrictions, some products are restricted from shipping to some countries due to local customs regulations. If a product is restricted from shipping to your jurisdiction you will see a notice on the product listing page or checkout page and will not be able to complete checkout with this product in your cart. Because we try to be compliant with local restrictions we do not typically have issues with customs but if it happens we will reship for free. If we fail to deliver the second time we can issue a full refund. Orders over $250 are insured so there is no risk of damage or loss.

Please review our shipping policies for more information about international restrictions, customs fees and duties and customs delays:
International Shipping Policy

We ship from the United States.

Please review our shipping policies for more details about estimated shipping times:
Shipping Policy

This depends on the courier, service and destination you select. The easiest way to determine shipping cost would be to add products to your cart and go to the checkout page.

We primarily use USPS. We also offer some services by UPS, Fedex and DHL. Please visit the following page for more details like estimated arrival time:
Shipping & Returns

Yes, we offer free shipping on USA orders over $150. Some products do not qualify for free shipping due to special shipping requirements. This will be noted on the product page.

USPS services will ship to USPS P.O. boxes. Fedex and UPS will ship to their respective mailboxes.

Yes we do. If you’d like to know more about how to format a military address for our couriers please read the following guides:
https://stamps.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/774/~/how-to-send-apo%2Ffpo-military-mail
https://www.shipitapo.com/personal/apo_fpo_guide.php

Military addresses are typically overseas but still use the United States as destination country. Please do not use a foreign nation as the destination country or there is a high chance of losing the package. How do you format APO/FPO/DPO addresses? Similar to a domestic USA address:

There are three Military “States”:
AA, which stands for Armed Forces (the) Americas
AE, which stands for Armed Forces Europe
AP, which stands for Armed Forces Pacific

And three “City” equivalents:
APO, which stands for Army Post Office
FPO, which stands for Fleet Post Office
DPO, which stands for Diplomatic Post Office

Based on these constructs, a typical Overseas Military Mail address looks like this:

Name
Postal Service Center + Identifier
APO, AP ZIP

or

Name
Postal Service Center + Identifier
FPO, AP ZIP

Your order should ship within 1-3 business days. If there is an issue we will notify you.

Please review our shipping policies for more details about estimated shipping times:
Shipping Policy

Typically if there is an issue we will notify you. If not please contact us.

EChecks:

Please allow eCheck orders 3-5 business days for processing and verification. This is for security and fraud prevention purposes.

Large & Special Orders:

Large and special orders may require additional processing, we will notify you within 3 business days if this is the case.

Backstock Orders:

We mark product listings out of stock as soon as possible to prevent backorders but there are logistical and technical reasons why the website may not update in time. In that case we will alert you within 3 business days and explain when we expect a restock. You will have the opportunity to cancel all or part of your order and have the instock items shipped separately.

Please review the following page for estimated delivery times:
Shipping & Returns

Unfortunately no. We offer USPS Priority Express shipping for USA orders which is the fastest service USPS provides. For most packages this takes 2 – 3 business days with delivery confirmation and tracking. Estimated arrival time is NOT guaranteed, and is only accurate about 70-80% of the time.

While it’s true USPS Priority Express has a 2-day refund guarantee. We will not refund if the package is late. We would love to but USPS makes it difficult to claim a refund, usually requiring phonecalls and a wait of severals weeks.

Our packaging is non-descript and there are no markings that suggest the contents. The shipping label does not mention https://sciencebio.io/.

We use plain shipping materials including padded envelopes, mailer boxes, zip lock bags, and USPS flat rate packaging.

We cannot ship products without labeling. The products we sell can be harmful if used improperly and as a matter of regulatory compliance we label them so that proper warnings are visible. We apologize for any inconvenience that this may cause.

For international orders we can modify labelling in a way that is expedient while remaining compliant with declarations and customs requirements.

Yes we will send you a tracking number as soon as the order ships within 1-3 business days and provide regular email updates on the tracking status from then on.

You should start receiving tracking updates via email within 1-3 business days of your order being paid.

To look up your order tracking, please visit the following page:
Track My Order

Alternatively, registered users can find their tracking on their order history:

1. Log into your account
2. Go to the Order History tab
3. View your most recent order
4. Your tracking number will be in the order details

There can be a delay of up to 48 hours in a courier’s online tracking system. A tracking number that is “not found” means the courier does not have the tracking number in its system yet or the tracking system is down, which happens frequently.

A tracking status of “info received”, “waiting for shipment”, “accepted”, “no information”, means the shipping label has been paid but the package has not yet been scanned in by the post office. Since couriers can (and do) miss scans a package can have these statuses and still be in transit. In that case you need to allow a few days for the status to be scanned again and update.

If there has been a mistake with the address provided for shipment, or a shipment was unable to be signed for, USPS will generally return the packages to the sender. Once the package has been returned to our shipping facility, we will notify the customer by the next business day. We will offer a reship one time, at our expense, either to the same address or an updated address. Updated tracking information will be provided once the package has been reshipped.

We will not keep your payment if you never receive the goods. If package tracking stops updating for over 15 days, we will review the case for a reship. We will offer at least one free reship. If the second shipment fails we will consider options including changing destination address, changing shipping service and issuing a refund.

Some orders may require a signature confirmation for delivery, depending on the order value and courier used. Please see our signature confirmation shipping policy to learn more.

If the tracking says Delivered but you have not received the package there are a few possibilities.

It’s possible the package was received by someone else. Couriers can drop off packages at the wrong address, street or mailbox and this is unfortunately common. It is also possible your neighbor, a front desk, receptionist, mailroom, doorman, HOA or colleague received the package. We recommend asking around before concluding the package is missing.

If you still can’t find the package you should contact the courier directly, our tracking emails will provide contact information. Couriers will have precise GPS coordinates for every tracking scan and can tell you where the package was scanned when the status was changed to Delivered. Be sure to have your tracking number on hand.

• List of National Postal Services
• USPS Customer Support: 1 (800) 275-8777
• Fedex Customer Support: 1 (800) 463-3339
• UPS Customer Support: 1 (800) 742-5877
• DHL Customer Support: 1 (800) 225-5345

Tip: If USPS delivered your package it will be easier to call or visit your local post office and ask to speak with the Postmaster about your missing delivery.

If you suspect the package was lost or stolen please file a claim with the courier and/or a police report. We typically recommend waiting 1-2 weeks for the package to turn up, usually a neighbor or colleague has it. If it never turns up please get in touch with us and provide proof you filed a claim or police report. We will handle this on a case by case basis and may require you to sign a legal affidavit to submit to our insurance company, so we can issue a free reship.

Delivery Exceptions are events that may delay the delivery of a shipment. They can be triggered by a customs issue, the recipient not being available to sign, holiday delays, natural disasters, shipment refusal, invalid addresses, returns to sender, etc.

In the event of a delivery exception you will be automatically notified by email via our tracking update system. We will also receive the same email and may contact you about it if further action is required.

Most of the time no action is needed on our part. However for Returns to Sender, Refusals and International orders there is often some further processing.

For international customs delivery exceptions please familiarize yourself with our international shipping policies, including the section on customs delays:
Shipping, Returns & Customs

If the tracking says Delivered but you have not received the package there are a few possibilities.

It’s possible the package was received by someone else. Couriers can drop off packages at the wrong address, street or mailbox and this is unfortunately common. It is also possible your neighbor, a front desk, receptionist, mailroom, doorman, HOA or colleague received the package. We recommend asking around before concluding the package is missing.

If you still can’t find the package you should contact the courier directly, our tracking emails will provide contact information. Couriers will have precise GPS coordinates for every tracking scan and can tell you where the package was scanned when the status was changed to Delivered. Be sure to have your tracking number on hand.

• List of National Postal Services
• USPS Customer Support: 1 (800) 275-8777
• Fedex Customer Support: 1 (800) 463-3339
• UPS Customer Support: 1 (800) 742-5877
• DHL Customer Support: 1 (800) 225-5345

Tip: If USPS delivered your package it will be easier to call or visit your local post office and ask to speak with the Postmaster about your missing delivery.

All items are shipped securely and in a manner that ensures safe arrival. If this is not the case please contact us immediately with photographic evidence. Once adequately verified we will ship a replacement.